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Brain & Cognitive

Interventions targeting cognition, mood, neuroplasticity, and nervous system regulation — from medicinal mushrooms to psychedelic-assisted therapy.

Brain & Cognitive

Psychedelics for Treatment-Resistant Depression

After decades of prohibition, psychedelic-assisted therapy is producing the most exciting results in psychiatry in a generation

Major clinical trials, FDA decisions, and what the data actually shows about psychedelics for depression.

Brain & Cognitive

Lion's Mane Mushroom

The NGF-stimulating mushroom with real in vitro data, one landmark clinical trial, and a supplement industry that has run the story much further than the human evidence supports

Mori 2009 MCI RCT, Nagano 2010 anxiety/depression study, hericenone and erinacine NGF-stimulating compounds, Li 2018 Alzheimer's mouse model, Saitsu 2019 cog…

Brain & Cognitive

Vagus Nerve Stimulation

FDA-approved clinical VNS for epilepsy and depression exists alongside a TikTok trend of "vagus nerve resets" — they are completely different interventions, and conflating them is how wellness culture works at its most misleading

FDA-approved implanted VNS for epilepsy and depression, Tracey 2002 inflammatory reflex discovery, Koopman 2016 rheumatoid arthritis tVNS RCT, RESET-AF atria…

Brain & Cognitive

Magnesium Threonate (Magtein)

A single human RCT with 44 participants is the entire clinical evidence base for a $500 million supplement market — and the patent holder funds most of the research

Slutsky 2010 discovery that Mg-threonate crosses the BBB in rats and enhances synaptic density, Liu 2015 on fear memory extinction in aging rats, the single …

Brain & Cognitive

Apigenin

A flavone found in chamomile tea that became a $50M+ supplement market through a single podcast recommendation — with zero human RCTs on isolated supplementation, an arbitrary dose pulled from nowhere, and an entire industry built on the extrapolation from chamomile extract research to a compound that may not survive oral digestion intact

Avallone 2000 establishing apigenin as a partial GABA-A receptor agonist at the benzodiazepine binding site; Viola 2005 double-blind RCT of chamomile extract…

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