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Supplements & Adaptogens

Evidence-graded review of popular supplements, adaptogens, and plant-based compounds — including what the funding landscape reveals about the research.

Supplements & Adaptogens

Red Light Therapy

Photobiomodulation went from NASA wound-healing research to $500 home panels — the mitochondrial mechanism is legitimate science, but the clinical translation is messier than the marketing suggests

Hamblin's mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase research, the Wunsch 2014 skin aging RCT, Avci 2013 body contouring trial, NASA wound healing studies, and the b…

Supplements & Adaptogens

Ashwagandha

One of the most clinically studied adaptogen supplements — with genuine RCT evidence for cortisol reduction, sleep quality, and testosterone in specific populations — and a growing safety controversy including liver toxicity case reports, nearly complete funder capture of the research literature, and a poorly understood thyroid stimulation signal

Chandrasekhar 2012 (n=64) demonstrating 27% cortisol reduction via KSM-66; Wankhede 2015 (n=57) on testosterone, DHEA-S, and muscle strength in resistance-tr…

Supplements & Adaptogens

Black Seed Oil (Nigella Sativa)

Nigella sativa seed — "the remedy for everything except death" in Islamic prophetic medicine — has 1,400 years of cross-cultural use (Unani, Ayurvedic, North African). The active compound thymoquinone has 1,000+ PubMed studies. Multiple positive metabolic RCTs. No Phase III cancer trials. And the supplement market has no standardization, so the compound in your bottle might be 10x stronger or weaker than the one in the research.

Bamosa et al. (2010) is the standout result in the Black Seed Oil literature: an RCT in 94 type 2 diabetes patients showing that 2g/day of black seed oil red…

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